Obunye bobuchwepheshe obubalulekile bezimoto zamandla amasha amabhethri kagesi.Izinga lamabhethri linquma izindleko zezimoto zikagesi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nohla lokushayela lwezimoto zikagesi ngakolunye.Isici esibalulekile sokwamukelwa nokutholwa ngokushesha.
Ngokwezici zokusetshenziswa, izidingo nezinkambu zokusetshenziswa zamabhethri wamandla, ucwaningo nezinhlobo zokuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri amandla ekhaya naphesheya cishe: amabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri e-nickel-cadmium, amabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride, amabhethri e-lithium-ion, ama-fuel cell, njll., lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion kuthola ukunakwa kakhulu.
Ukuziphatha kokukhiqiza ukushisa kwebhethri
Umthombo wokushisa, izinga lokukhiqiza ukushisa, umthamo wokushisa webhethri neminye imingcele ehlobene yemojuli yebhethri yamandla ihlobene eduze nemvelo yebhethri.Ukushisa okukhishwe yibhethri kuncike kukhemikhali, imvelo yomshini kanye nekagesi kanye nezici zebhethri, ikakhulukazi uhlobo lokusabela kwe-electrochemical.Amandla okushisa akhiqizwa ekuphenduleni kwebhethri angavezwa ukushisa okusabela kwebhethri Qr;i-electrochemical polarization idala i-voltage yangempela yebhethri ukuthi isuke kumandla ayo e-electromotive elinganayo, futhi ukulahlekelwa amandla okubangelwa ukuhlukaniswa kwebhethri kuvezwa yi-Qp.Ngokungeziwe ekuqhubekeni kokusabela kwebhethri ngokuya nge-equation yokusabela, kukhona futhi ukusabela okuseceleni.Ukusabela okuseceleni okujwayelekile kufaka phakathi ukubola kwe-electrolyte kanye nokuzikhipha kwebhethri.Ukushisa kokusabela oseceleni okukhiqizwa kule nqubo ama-Qs.Ukwengeza, ngenxa yokuthi noma iliphi ibhethri nakanjani lizoba nokumelana, i-Joule heat Qj izokhiqizwa uma yamanje idlula.Ngakho-ke, ukushisa okuphelele kwebhethri kuyisamba sokushisa kwezici ezilandelayo: Qt=Qr+Qp+Qs+Qj.
Ngokuya ngenqubo ethile yokushaja (yokukhipha), izici eziyinhloko ezenza ibhethri likhiqize ukushisa nazo zihlukile.Isibonelo, uma ibhethri livame ukushajwa, i-Qr iyisici esivelele;futhi esigabeni sakamuva sokushajwa kwebhethri, ngenxa yokubola kwe-electrolyte, ukusabela okuseceleni kuyaqala ukwenzeka (ukushisa kokusabela ohlangothini kuyi-Qs), lapho ibhethri selicishe lishajwe ngokugcwele futhi lishajwe ngokweqile, Okwenzeka ngokuyinhloko ukubola kwe-electrolyte, lapho ama-Q abusa khona. .Ukushisa kwe-Joule Qj kuncike kumanje kanye nokumelana.Indlela yokushaja evame ukusetshenziswa yenziwa ngaphansi kwamandla angashintshi, futhi i-Qj iyinani elithile ngalesi sikhathi.Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokuqalisa nokusheshisa, umthamo wamanje uphakeme kakhulu.Ku-HEV, lokhu kulingana nomsinga wamashumi ama-ampere ukuya kumakhulu ama-ampere.Ngalesi sikhathi, ukushisa kwe-Joule Qj kukhulu kakhulu futhi kuba umthombo oyinhloko wokukhishwa kokushisa kwebhethri.
Ngokombono wokulawulwa kokulawula okushisayo, amasistimu okuphatha okushisayo(HVH) zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: ezisebenzayo nezingenzi lutho.Ngokombono wendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa, izinhlelo zokuphatha ezishisayo zingahlukaniswa zibe: ezipholile emoyeni(I-PTC Air heater), i-liquid-cooled (I-PTC Coolant heater), kanye nesigaba sokushintsha isitoreji esishisayo.
Ukuze udlulise ukushisa nge-coolant(PTC Coolant Heater) njengento ephakathi, kuyadingeka ukusungula ukuxhumana kokudlulisa ukushisa phakathi kwemodyuli kanye ne-liquid medium, njengebhantshi lamanzi, ukuqhuba ukushisa okungaqondile kanye nokupholisa ngendlela ye-convection kanye nokushisa. conduction.Indawo yokudlulisa ukushisa ingaba amanzi, i-ethylene glycol noma i-Refrigerant.Kukhona futhi ukudluliswa kokushisa okuqondile ngokucwilisa ucezu lwesigxobo oketshezini lwe-dielectric, kodwa kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuze kugwenywe ukujikeleza okufushane.
Ukupholisa okupholisayo okungenakwenziwa ngokuvamile kusebenzisa ukushintshana kokushisa komoya okuwuketshezi bese kwethula imifece ebhethrini ngokushintshaniswa kokushisa kwesibili, kuyilapho ukupholisa okusebenzayo kusebenzisa izishintshi zokushisa ezimaphakathi zenjini, noma izifudumezi zikagesi ze-PTC/ukushisisa uwoyela oshisayo ukuze kufinyelele ukupholisa okuyinhloko.Ukushisisa, ukupholisa okuyinhloko ngekhabhinethi yabagibeli umoya/i-air conditioning yesiqandisi-uketshezi oluphakathi.
Ezinhlelweni zokuphatha ezishisayo ezisebenzisa umoya noketshezi njengento ephakathi nendawo, isakhiwo sikhulu kakhulu futhi siyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yesidingo samafeni, amaphampu amanzi, izishintshisi zokushisa, izifudumezi, amapayipi nezinye izesekeli, futhi sisebenzisa amandla ebhethri futhi sinciphisa amandla ebhethri. .ukuminyana kanye nokuminyana kwamandla.
Isistimu yokupholisa ibhethri elipholiswe ngamanzi isebenzisa isipholile (50% amanzi/50% ethylene glycol) ukudlulisa ukushisa kwebhethri kusistimu yesiqandisi se-air-conditioning esiqandisini ngesipholile sebhethri, bese kuya endaweni ezungezile ngokusebenzisa i-condenser.Ukushisa kwamanzi okungena kwebhethri kupholiswe ibhethri Kulula ukufinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi ngemva kokushintshanisa ukushisa, futhi ibhethri ingashintshwa ukuze isebenze ebangeni lokushisa elingcono kakhulu lokusebenza;isimiso sesistimu siboniswa esithombeni.Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesistimu yesiqandisi zihlanganisa: i-condenser, i-compressor kagesi, i-evaporator, i-valve yokwandisa nge-valve yokuvala, i-cooler yebhethri (i-valve yokwandisa nge-valve yokuvala) namapayipi omoya, njll;Ukupholisa amanzi okujikeleza kuhlanganisa: iphampu yamanzi kagesi, ibhethri (kuhlanganise namapuleti okupholisa), izipholile zebhethri, amapayipi amanzi, amathangi okunweba nezinye izesekeli.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-27-2023
