Obunye bobuchwepheshe obubalulekile bezimoto zamandla amasha amabhethri kagesi.Izinga lamabhethri linquma izindleko zezimoto zikagesi ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nohla lokushayela lwezimoto zikagesi ngakolunye.Isici esibalulekile sokwamukelwa nokutholwa ngokushesha.
Ngokwezici zokusetshenziswa, izidingo nezinkambu zokusetshenziswa zamabhethri wamandla, ucwaningo nezinhlobo zokuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri amandla ekhaya naphesheya cishe: amabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri e-nickel-cadmium, amabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride, amabhethri e-lithium-ion, ama-fuel cell, njll., lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion kuthola ukunakwa kakhulu.
Ukuziphatha kokukhiqiza ukushisa kwebhethri
Umthombo wokushisa, izinga lokukhiqiza ukushisa, umthamo wokushisa webhethri neminye imingcele ehlobene yemojuli yebhethri yamandla ihlobene eduze nemvelo yebhethri.Ukushisa okukhishwe yibhethri kuncike kukhemikhali, imvelo yomshini kanye nekagesi kanye nezici zebhethri, ikakhulukazi uhlobo lokusabela kwe-electrochemical.Amandla okushisa akhiqizwa ekuphenduleni kwebhethri angavezwa ukushisa okusabela kwebhethri Qr;i-electrochemical polarization idala i-voltage yangempela yebhethri ukuthi isuke kumandla ayo e-electromotive elinganayo, futhi ukulahlekelwa amandla okubangelwa ukuhlukaniswa kwebhethri kuvezwa yi-Qp.Ngokungeziwe ekuqhubekeni kokusabela kwebhethri ngokuya nge-equation yokusabela, kukhona futhi ukusabela okuseceleni.Ukusabela okuseceleni okujwayelekile kufaka phakathi ukubola kwe-electrolyte kanye nokuzikhipha kwebhethri.Ukushisa kokusabela oseceleni okukhiqizwa kule nqubo ama-Qs.Ukwengeza, ngenxa yokuthi noma iliphi ibhethri nakanjani lizoba nokumelana, i-Joule heat Qj izokhiqizwa uma yamanje idlula.Ngakho-ke, ukushisa okuphelele kwebhethri kuyisamba sokushisa kwezici ezilandelayo: Qt=Qr+Qp+Qs+Qj.
Ngokuya ngenqubo ethile yokushaja (yokukhipha), izici eziyinhloko ezenza ibhethri likhiqize ukushisa nazo zihlukile.Isibonelo, uma ibhethri livame ukushajwa, i-Qr iyisici esivelele;futhi esigabeni sakamuva sokushajwa kwebhethri, ngenxa yokubola kwe-electrolyte, ukusabela okuseceleni kuyaqala ukwenzeka (ukushisa kokusabela ohlangothini kuyi-Qs), lapho ibhethri selicishe lishajwe ngokugcwele futhi lishajwe ngokweqile, Okwenzeka ngokuyinhloko ukubola kwe-electrolyte, lapho ama-Q abusa khona. .Ukushisa kwe-Joule Qj kuncike kumanje kanye nokumelana.Indlela yokushaja evame ukusetshenziswa yenziwa ngaphansi kwamandla angashintshi, futhi i-Qj iyinani elithile ngalesi sikhathi.Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokuqalisa nokusheshisa, umthamo wamanje uphakeme kakhulu.Ku-HEV, lokhu kulingana nomsinga wamashumi ama-ampere ukuya kumakhulu ama-ampere.Ngalesi sikhathi, ukushisa kwe-Joule Qj kukhulu kakhulu futhi kuba umthombo oyinhloko wokukhishwa kokushisa kwebhethri.
Ngokombono wokulawulwa kokulawula okushisayo, izinhlelo zokuphatha ukushisa zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: ezisebenzayo nezingenzi lutho.Ngokombono wendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa, izinhlelo zokuphatha ezishisayo zingahlukaniswa zibe: i-air-cooled, i-liquid-cooled, kanye nesitoreji sokushintsha okushisayo kwesigaba.
Ukuphatha okushisayo ngomoya njengendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa
Indawo yokudlulisa ukushisa inomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni nasezindlekweni zesistimu yokulawula ukushisa.Ukusetshenziswa komoya njengendlela yokudlulisa ukushisa ukwethula umoya ngokuqondile ukuze ugeleze kumojula yebhethri ukuze kufezwe injongo yokukhipha ukushisa.Ngokuvamile, amafeni, umoya wokungena nokuphuma kanye nezinye izakhi ziyadingeka.
Ngokwemithombo ehlukene yokungenisa umoya, ngokuvamile kunamafomu alandelayo:
1 Ukupholisa kungena umoya ongaphandle
2. Ukupholisa/ukushisisa okwenziwa endaweni yabagibeli ukungena komoya komoya
3. Ukupholisa/ukushisisa okusebenzayo komoya wangaphandle noma wegumbi labagibeli
Isakhiwo sesistimu ye-passive silula futhi sisebenzisa ngqo indawo ekhona.Isibonelo, uma ibhethri idinga ukushisisa ebusika, indawo eshisayo esendaweni yabagibeli ingasetshenziswa ukuhogela umoya.Uma izinga lokushisa lebhethri liphezulu kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushayela futhi umphumela wokupholisa komoya endaweni yabagibeli ungemuhle, umoya obandayo ovela ngaphandle ungahogela ukuze uphole.
Kusistimu esebenzayo, isistimu ehlukile idinga ukusungulwa ukuze inikeze imisebenzi yokushisisa noma yokupholisa futhi ilawulwe ngokuzimela ngokuya ngesimo sebhethri, ephinda ikhulise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezindleko zemoto.Ukukhethwa kwamasistimu ahlukene kuncike kakhulu ezidingweni zokusebenzisa ibhethri.
Ukuphatha okushisayo ngoketshezi njengendlela yokudlulisa ukushisa
Ukuze udlulise ukushisa nge-liquid njenge-medium, kuyadingeka ukusungula ukuxhumana kokudlulisa ukushisa phakathi kwemodyuli kanye ne-liquid medium, njengebhantshi lamanzi, ukuqhuba ukushisa okungaqondile nokupholisa ngendlela ye-convection kanye ne-heat conduction.Indawo yokudlulisa ukushisa ingaba amanzi, i-ethylene glycol noma i-Refrigerant.Kukhona futhi ukudluliswa kokushisa okuqondile ngokucwilisa ucezu lwesigxobo oketshezini lwe-dielectric, kodwa kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvikela ukuze kugwenywe ukujikeleza okufushane.
Ukupholisa uketshezi olungashintshi ngokuvamile kusebenzisa ukushintshana kokushisa komoya okuwuketshezi bese kwethula imifece ebhethrini ngokushintshanisa ukushisa kwesibili, kuyilapho ukupholisa okusebenzayo kusebenzisa izishintshi zokushisa ezimaphakathi zenjini, noma ukushisisa kukagesi/ukushisisa uwoyela oshisayo ukuze kufinyelele ukupholisa okuyinhloko.Ukushisisa, ukupholisa okuyinhloko ngekhabhinethi yabagibeli umoya/i-air conditioning yesiqandisi-uketshezi oluphakathi.
Uhlelo lokuphatha okushisayo olunomoya kanye noketshezi njengoba ingaphakathi lidinga abalandeli, amaphampu amanzi, ama-heater, ama-heaters (I-heater ye-PTC), amapayipi nezinye izesekeli ukwenza isakhiwo sibe sikhulu kakhulu futhi sibe yinkimbinkimbi, futhi sisebenzisa amandla ebhethri, uhlu Ukuminyana kwamandla kanye nokuminyana kwamandla ebhethri kuyehliswa.
(I-PTC coolantihitha) Isistimu yokupholisa ibhethri elipholile ngamanzi isebenzisa isipholile (50% samanzi / 50% i-ethylene glycol) ukudlulisa ukushisa kusuka kubhethri kuya ohlelweni lwesiqandisi se-air-conditioning esiqandisini ngokusebenzisa isipholile sebhethri, bese kuya endaweni ezungezile nge-condenser.Ukushisa kwamanzi angenisiwe kulula ukufinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphansi ngemva kokushintshaniswa kokushisa yi-cooler yebhethri, futhi ibhethri ingashintshwa ukuze isebenze ebangeni lokushisa elingcono kakhulu lokusebenza;isimiso sesistimu siboniswa esithombeni.Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesistimu yesiqandisi zihlanganisa: i-condenser, i-compressor kagesi, i-evaporator, i-valve yokwandisa nge-valve yokumisa, i-cooler yebhethri (i-valve yokwandisa nge-valve yokumisa) kanye namapayipi omoya, njll;Isifunda samanzi okupholisa sihlanganisa:iphampu yamanzi kagesi, ibhethri (kuhlanganise namapuleti okupholisa), izipholile zebhethri, amapayipi amanzi, amathangi okunweba nezinye izesekeli.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-13-2023
