Izimoto zamandla amasha yizimoto ezingathembeli enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi njengomthombo wazo omkhulu wamandla, futhi zibonakala ngokusetshenziswa kwamamotho kagesi.Ibhethri lingashajwa ngenjini eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, imbobo yokushaja yangaphandle, amandla elanga, amandla amakhemikhali noma amandla e-hydrogen.
Isiteji 1: Imoto yokuqala kagesi emhlabeni yavela kakade phakathi nekhulu le-19, futhi le moto kagesi yayiwumsebenzi wezizukulwane ezingu-2.
Esokuqala kwakuyithuluzi lokuhambisa ugesi elaqedwa ngo-1828 ngunjiniyela waseHungary u-Aacute nyos Jedlik elabhorethri yakhe.Imoto yokuqala kagesi yabe icwengwa yi-American Anderson phakathi kuka-1832 no-1839. Ibhethri elisetshenziswe kule moto kagesi lalilula futhi lingagcwaliseki kabusha.Ngo-1899 kwasungulwa i-wheel hub motor yi-Porsche yaseJalimane ukuze ithathe indawo ye-chain drive eyayivame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni.Lokhu kwalandelwa ukwakhiwa kwemoto kagesi iLohner-Porsche, esebenzise ibhethri elineasidi ewumthofu njengomthombo wayo wamandla futhi ishayelwa ngqo yi-wheel hub motor emasondweni angaphambili - imoto yokuqala ebizwa ngegama lePorsche.
Isiteji sesi-2: Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwathuthukiswa injini yomlilo yangaphakathi, eyasusa imoto kagesi emakethe.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe benjini, ukusungulwa kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamasu okukhiqiza, imoto kaphethiloli yathuthukisa inzuzo enkulu ngalesi sigaba.Ngokungafani nokuphazamiseka kokushaja izimoto zikagesi, lesi sigaba sibone ukuhoxiswa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi emakethe yezimoto.
Isiteji sesi-3: Ngawo-1960, inkinga kawoyela yaletha ukugxila okuvuselelwe ezimotweni ezisebenza ngogesi kuphela.
Ngalesi sigaba, izwekazi laseYurophu lase liphakathi kwezezimboni, isikhathi lapho inkinga kawoyela yayigqanyiswe njalo nalapho isintu siqala ukucabanga ngezinhlekelele zemvelo ezandayo ezingabangelwa.Ubukhulu obuncane benjini kagesi, ukuntuleka kokungcola, ukuntuleka kwentuthu yentuthu kanye nezinga eliphansi lomsindo kuholele ekuthakaseleni okuvuselelwe ezimotweni zikagesi kuphela.Iqhutshwa yimali, ubuchwepheshe bokushayela bezimoto zikagesi buthuthuke kakhulu kuleyo minyaka eyishumi, izimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile zathola ukunakwa okwengeziwe futhi izimoto ezincane zikagesi zaqala ukuthatha imakethe evamile, njengezimoto ezihamba ngegalofu.
Isigaba 4: Iminyaka yawo-1990 yabona ukuntenga kobuchwepheshe bebhethri, okwenza abakhiqizi bezimoto zikagesi bashintshe indlela.
Inkinga enkulu evimbe ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto zikagesi ngeminyaka yawo-1990 kwakuwukuthuthuka okusalele emuva kobuchwepheshe bebhethri.Akukho ukuthuthuka okukhulu kumabhethri okuholele ekutheni kungabi bikho impumelelo ebangeni lebhokisi lokushaja, okwenza abakhiqizi bezimoto zikagesi babhekane nezinselele ezinkulu.Abakhiqizi bezimoto zendabuko, ngaphansi kwengcindezi evela emakethe, baqala ukuthuthukisa izimoto ezihlanganisiwe ukuze banqobe izinkinga zamabhethri amafushane nobubanzi.Lesi sikhathi simelelwa kahle kakhulu yi-PHEV plug-in hybrids nama-HEV hybrids.
Isiteji sesi-5: Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, kwaba khona impumelelo kubuchwepheshe bebhethri futhi amazwe aqala ukusebenzisa izimoto zikagesi ngezinga elikhulu.
Kulesi sigaba, ukuminyana kwamabhethri kunyukile, nezinga lezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi nalo lenyuka ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha angama-50 ngonyaka, futhi ukusebenza kwamandla kwamamotho kagesi kwakungasenamandla kunezinye izimoto zikaphethiloli ezikhishwa kancane.
Isiteji sesi-6: Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kwaqhutshwa amandla amasha okukhiqiza izimoto zamandla amelwe nguTesla.
I-Tesla, inkampani engenaso isipiliyoni sokukhiqiza izimoto, ikhule isuka enkampanini encane yezimoto zikagesi eyaqala ukuya enkampanini yezimoto emhlabeni wonke eminyakeni eyi-15 nje kuphela, yenza lokho uGM nabanye abaholi bezimoto abangakwazi ukukwenza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-17-2023
