1. Izici zamabhethri e-lithium ezimotweni zamandla amasha
Amabhethri e-lithium ikakhulukazi anezinzuzo zezinga eliphansi lokuzikhulula, ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, izikhathi zokujikeleza okuphezulu, nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.Ukusebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium njengesisetshenziswa esikhulu samandla samandla amasha kulingana nokuthola umthombo wamandla omuhle.Ngakho-ke, ekubunjweni kwezingxenye eziyinhloko zezimoto zamandla amasha, iphakethe lebhethri le-lithium elihlobene neseli yebhethri ye-lithium seliye laba ingxenye yalo eyinhloko ebaluleke kakhulu kanye nengxenye eyinhloko enikeza amandla.Phakathi nenqubo yokusebenza yamabhethri e-lithium, kunezidingo ezithile zendawo ezungezile.Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlola, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza ligcinwa ku-20°C kuya ku-40°C.Uma izinga lokushisa elizungeze ibhethri lidlula umkhawulo oshiwo, ukusebenza kwebhethri ye-lithium kuzoncishiswa kakhulu, futhi impilo yesevisi izoncishiswa kakhulu.Ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa elizungeze ibhethri le-lithium liphansi kakhulu, umthamo wokugcina wokukhipha kanye ne-voltage yokukhipha izophambuka esimisweni esisethiwe, futhi kuzoba nokwehla okubukhali.
Uma izinga lokushisa le-ambient liphezulu kakhulu, amathuba okubaleka okushisayo kwebhethri ye-lithium azothuthukiswa kakhulu, futhi ukushisa kwangaphakathi kuzobuthana endaweni ethile, kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu zokuqoqwa kokushisa.Uma le ngxenye yokushisa ingakwazi ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle ngokushelela, kanye nesikhathi esengeziwe sokusebenza sebhethri ye-lithium, ibhethri lijwayele ukuqhuma.Le ngozi yokuphepha ibeka engcupheni enkulu ukuphepha komuntu siqu, ngakho-ke amabhethri e-lithium kufanele athembele kumadivayisi okupholisa kazibuthe kagesi ukuze athuthukise ukusebenza kokuphepha kwawo wonke amathuluzi lapho esebenza.Kungabonakala ukuthi lapho abacwaningi belawula izinga lokushisa lamabhethri e-lithium, kufanele basebenzise ngokunengqondo amadivaysi angaphandle ukuthekelisa ukushisa nokulawula izinga lokushisa elilungile lokusebenza lamabhethri e-lithium.Ngemva kokuba ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa sekufinyelele ezindinganisweni ezihambisanayo, umgomo wokushayela ngokuphephile wezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla ngeke neze usongelwe.
2. Indlela yokukhiqiza ukushisa yamandla emoto entsha yamandla ebhethri i-lithium
Nakuba lawa mabhethri angasetshenziswa njengamadivayisi kagesi, ohlelweni lokusebenza lwangempela, umehluko phakathi kwawo ubonakala ngokucacile.Amanye amabhethri anobubi obukhulu, ngakho abakhiqizi bezimoto zamandla amasha kufanele bakhethe ngokucophelela.Isibonelo, ibhethri le-lead-acid linikeza amandla anele egatsha eliphakathi, kodwa lizodala umonakalo omkhulu endaweni ezungezile phakathi nokusebenza kwalo, futhi lo monakalo ngeke ulungiseke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuvikelwe ukuvikeleka kwemvelo, izwe lifake amabhethri e-Lead-acid afakiwe ohlwini oluvinjelwe.Phakathi nesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa, amabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride athole amathuba amahle, ubuchwepheshe bokuthuthukiswa buye bavuthwa kancane kancane, futhi ububanzi bokusebenza nabo buye banda.Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium, ukungalungi kwawo kusobala kancane.Isibonelo, kunzima kubakhiqizi bebhethri abajwayelekile ukulawula izindleko zokukhiqiza amabhethri e-nickel-metal hydride.Ngenxa yalokho, intengo yamabhethri e-nickel-hydrogen emakethe ihlale iphezulu.Ezinye izinhlobo zezimoto zamandla amasha eziphishekela ukusebenza kwezindleko ngeke zicabange ukuzisebenzisa njengezingxenye zezimoto.Okubaluleke nakakhulu, amabhethri e-Ni-MH azwela kakhulu ekushiseni kwe-ambient kunamabhethri e-lithium, futhi maningi amathuba okuba abambe umlilo ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphezulu.Ngemuva kokuqhathanisa okuningi, amabhethri e-lithium ayagqama futhi manje asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni zamandla amasha.
Isizathu sokuthi kungani amabhethri e-lithium anganikeza amandla ezimotweni zamandla amasha kungenxa yokuthi ama-electrode awo alungile futhi angalungile anezinto ezisebenzayo.Phakathi nenqubo yokushumeka okuqhubekayo kanye nokukhishwa kwezinto, kutholakala inani elikhulu lamandla kagesi, bese ngokusho kwesimiso sokuguqulwa kwamandla, amandla kagesi kanye namandla kinetic Ukufeza inhloso yokushintshana, ngaleyo ndlela kuletha amandla aqinile izimoto ezintsha zamandla, zingafinyelela inhloso yokuhamba nemoto.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho iseli yebhethri ye-lithium ibhekana nokusabela kwamakhemikhali, izoba nomsebenzi wokumunca ukushisa nokukhulula ukushisa ukuqedela ukuguqulwa kwamandla.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-athomu ye-lithium ayimile, inganyakaza ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kwe-electrolyte ne-diaphragm, futhi kukhona ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-polarization.
Manje, ukushisa kuzophinde kukhishwe ngokufanele.Kodwa-ke, izinga lokushisa elizungeze ibhethri ye-lithium yezimoto zamandla amasha liphezulu kakhulu, okungaholela kalula ekuwohlokeni kwezihlukanisi ezinhle nezimbi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwebhethri ye-lithium yamandla entsha yakhiwe ngamaphakethe ebhethri amaningi.Ukushisa okukhiqizwa yiwo wonke amaphakethe ebhethri kukudlula kude lokho kwebhethri elilodwa.Uma izinga lokushisa lidlula inani elinqunywe kusengaphambili, ibhethri lithambekele kakhulu ekuqhumeni.
3. Ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile besistimu yokulawula ukushisa kwebhethri
Ukuze uhlelo lokuphathwa kwebhethri yezimoto ezintsha zamandla, kokubili ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe baye banikeza ukunakwa okuphezulu, baqala uchungechunge locwaningo, futhi bathole imiphumela eminingi.Lesi sihloko sizogxila ekuhlolweni okunembile kwamandla ebhethri asele esistimu yokulawula ukushisa kwebhethri yemoto yamandla entsha, ukuphathwa kwebhalansi yebhethri nobuchwepheshe obubalulekile obusetshenziswa kuuhlelo lokuphatha ukushisa.
3.1 Indlela yokuhlola amandla asele esistimu yokulawula ukushisa kwebhethri
Abacwaningi batshale amandla amaningi kanye nemizamo ebuhlungu ekuhloleni kwe-SOC, ikakhulukazi besebenzisa ama-algorithms wedatha yesayensi njengendlela yokuhlanganisa yehora le-ampere, indlela yemodeli yomugqa, indlela yenethiwekhi ye-neural kanye nendlela yokuhlunga ye-Kalman ukwenza inani elikhulu lokuhlola ukulingisa.Nokho, amaphutha okubala avame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi kusetshenziswa le ndlela.Uma iphutha lingalungiswa ngesikhathi, igebe phakathi kwemiphumela yokubala liyoba likhulu futhi libe likhulu.Ukuze benze lesi sici, abacwaningi bavame ukuhlanganisa indlela yokuhlola ye-Anshi nezinye izindlela zokuqinisekisana, ukuze bathole imiphumela enembe kakhulu.Ngedatha enembile, abacwaningi bangalinganisela ngokunembile ukukhishwa kwamanje kwebhethri.
3.2 Ukuphathwa ngendlela elinganayo kohlelo lokulawula ukushisa kwebhethri
Ukulawulwa kwebhalansi yesistimu yokulawula ukushisa kwebhethri kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlanganisa amandla kagesi kanye namandla engxenye ngayinye yebhethri lamandla.Ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwamabhethri ahlukene ezingxenyeni ezahlukene, amandla kanye ne-voltage kuzohluka.Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuphathwa kwebhalansi kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukuqeda umehluko phakathi kwakho kokubili.Ukungahambisani.Njengamanje indlela yokuphatha ibhalansi esetshenziswa kakhulu
Ihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukulinganisa okwenziwayo kanye nokulingana okusebenzayo.Ngokombono wohlelo lokusebenza, izimiso zokusebenzisa ezisetshenziswa yilezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezindlela zokulinganisa zihluke kakhulu.
(1) Ibhalansi engenzi lutho.Umgomo wokulinganisa okwenziwayo usebenzisa ubudlelwano obulinganayo phakathi kwamandla ebhethri namandla kagesi, ngokusekelwe kudatha kagesi yochungechunge olulodwa lwamabhethri, futhi ukuguqulwa kwakho kokubili kufinyelelwa ngokukhipha ukumelana: amandla ebhethri enamandla amakhulu akhiqiza ukushisa. ngokusebenzisa ukushisa kokumelana, Bese uhlakaza emoyeni ukuze ufeze injongo yokulahlekelwa amandla.Nokho, le ndlela yokulinganisa ayithuthukisi ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwebhethri.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ukushisa kokushisa kungalingani, ibhethri ngeke likwazi ukuqedela umsebenzi wokuphatha ukushisa kwebhethri ngenxa yenkinga yokushisa.
(2) Ibhalansi esebenzayo.Ibhalansi esebenzayo iwumkhiqizo othuthukisiwe webhalansi ye-passive, eyakha ububi bebhalansi yokwenziwa.Ngokombono wesimiso sokugcwaliseka, isimiso sokulinganisa okusebenzayo asibhekiseli kumgomo wokulinganisa okwenziwayo, kodwa samukela umqondo omusha ohluke ngokuphelele: ukulinganisa okusebenzayo akuguquli amandla kagesi ebhethri abe amandla okushisa futhi kuyawachitha. , ukuze kudluliswe amandla aphezulu Amandla asuka ebhethri adluliselwa ebhethri lamandla aphansi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lokudlulisela aluphuli umthetho wokongiwa kwamandla, futhi lunezinzuzo zokulahlekelwa okuphansi, ukusebenzisa kahle kakhulu, kanye nemiphumela esheshayo.Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kokuphathwa kwebhalansi kuyinkimbinkimbi.Uma iphoyinti lebhalansi lingalawulwa kahle, lingabangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka ephaketheni lebhethri elinamandla ngenxa yosayizi walo oweqile.Ukufingqa, kokubili ukuphathwa kwebhalansi okusebenzayo kanye nokuphathwa kwebhalansi okungenzi lutho kunokubi nezinzuzo.Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile, abacwaningi bangenza izinqumo ngokuya ngomthamo kanye nenani lezintambo zamaphakethe ebhethri ye-lithium.Amandla aphansi, amaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium anenombolo ephansi afanele ukuphathwa kokulinganisa okwenziwayo, futhi umthamo ophezulu, amaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium anenombolo ephezulu afanele ukuphathwa kokulinganisa okusebenzayo.
3.3 Ubuchwepheshe obukhulu obusetshenziswa ohlelweni lokulawula ukushisa kwebhethri
(1) Thola izinga lokushisa elilungile lokusebenza lebhethri.Uhlelo lokuphatha okushisayo lusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuxhumanisa izinga lokushisa elizungeze ibhethri, ngakho-ke ukuze kuqinisekiswe umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwesistimu yokulawula ukushisa, ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko obuthuthukiswe abacwaningi busetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukucacisa izinga lokushisa lokusebenza kwebhethri.Uma nje izinga lokushisa lebhethri ligcinwa ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele, ibhethri ye-lithium ingahlala isesimweni esihle kakhulu sokusebenza, inikeze amandla anele okusebenza kwezimoto zamandla amasha.Ngale ndlela, ukusebenza kwebhethri ye-lithium yezimoto zamandla amasha kungahlala kusesimweni esihle kakhulu.
(2) Isibalo sebanga elishisayo lebhethri nokuqagela izinga lokushisa.Lobu buchwepheshe bubandakanya inani elikhulu lezibalo zemodeli yezibalo.Ososayensi basebenzisa izindlela zokubala ezihambisanayo ukuze bathole umehluko wezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwebhethri, futhi basebenzise lokhu njengesisekelo sokubikezela ukuziphatha okushisayo okungenzeka kwebhethri.
(3) Ukukhethwa kwendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa.Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwesistimu yokuphatha ukushisa kuncike ekukhethweni kwendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa.Iningi lezimoto zamanje zamandla amasha zisebenzisa umoya/okupholile njengendawo yokupholisa.Le ndlela yokupholisa ilula ukuyisebenzisa, izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphansi, futhi ingafinyelela inhloso yokushabalalisa ukushisa kwebhethri.(I-PTC Air heater/I-PTC Coolant heater)
(4) Yamukela i-parallel ventilation kanye nesakhiwo sesakhiwo sokushabalalisa ukushisa.Idizayini yokukhipha umoya nokushisa phakathi kwamaphakethe ebhethri ye-lithium inganweba ukugeleza komoya ukuze isatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwamaphakethe ebhethri, ixazulule ngokuphumelelayo umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwamamojula webhethri.
(5) Ukukhethwa kwephoyinti lokulinganisa ifeni nezinga lokushisa.Kule mojula, abacwaningi basebenzise inani elikhulu lokuhlola ukuze benze izibalo zetiyetha, base besebenzisa izindlela zokusebenzisa uketshezi ukuze bathole amanani okusetshenziswa kwamandla abalandeli.Ngemva kwalokho, abacwaningi bazosebenzisa izinto ezinomkhawulo ukuze bathole indawo yokulinganisa izinga lokushisa elifaneleka kakhulu ukuze bathole ngokunembile idatha yezinga lokushisa lebhethri.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-25-2023
