Ubuchwepheshe Bokuphathwa Kokushisa Kwezimoto Zikagesi Ezihlanzekile

Uhlelo lokuphatha ukushisa lwezimoto zikagesi ezihlanzekile alugcini nje ngokuqinisekisa indawo yokushayela ekhululekile kumshayeli, kodwa futhi lulawula izinga lokushisa, umswakama, izinga lokushisa lomoya, njll. lendawo yangaphakathi. Lulawula kakhulu izinga lokushisa lebhethri likagesi. Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kwebhethri likagesi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemoto kagesi. Isidingo esibalulekile sokusebenza kahle nangokuphephile kwezimoto.

Kunezindlela eziningi zokupholisa amabhethri kagesi, ezingahlukaniswa ngokupholisa umoya, ukupholisa uketshezi, ukupholisa isinki yokushisa, ukupholisa izinto zokushintsha isigaba kanye nokupholisa ipayipi yokushisa.

Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu noma eliphansi kakhulu lizothinta ukusebenza kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion, kodwa amazinga okushisa ahlukene anemiphumela ehlukene esakhiweni sangaphakathi sebhethri kanye nokusabela kwamakhemikhali e-ion.

Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ukuhanjiswa kwe-ionic kwe-electrolyte ngesikhathi sokushaja nokukhipha kuphansi, kanti ama-impedances esibonakalayo se-electrode/electrolyte esihle kanye ne-electrode/electrolyte engemihle aphezulu, okuthinta i-impedances yokudlulisa ishaja ezindaweni ze-electrode ezinhle nezimbi kanye nokusabalala kwama-ion e-lithium ku-electrode engemihle. Isivinini, ekugcineni sithinta izinkomba ezibalulekile ezifana nokusebenza kokukhishwa kwebhethri kanye nokusebenza kahle kokushaja nokukhipha. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, ingxenye ye-solvent ku-electrolyte yebhethri izoqina, okwenza kube nzima ngama-ion e-lithium ukuhamba. Njengoba izinga lokushisa lehla, i-impedances yokusabela kwe-electrochemical kasawoti we-electrolyte izoqhubeka nokukhula, futhi i-dissociation constant yama-ion ayo nayo izoqhubeka nokwehla. Lezi zici zizothinta kakhulu izinga lokunyakaza kwama-ion ku-electrolyte linciphisa izinga lokusabela kwe-electrochemical; futhi ngesikhathi senqubo yokushaja yebhethri ekushiseni okuphansi, ubunzima bokuhamba kwama-ion e-lithium buzobangela ukwehla kwama-ion e-lithium abe yi-metallic lithium dendrites, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwe-electrolyte kanye nokwanda kwe-concentration polarization. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-engeli abukhali ale dendrite yensimbi ye-lithium angabhoboza kalula isihlukanisi sangaphakathi sebhethri, okubangela i-short circuit ngaphakathi kwebhethri futhi kubangele ingozi yokuphepha.

Ukushisa okuphezulu ngeke kubangele ukuthi i-electrolyte solvent iqine, futhi ngeke kunciphise izinga lokusabalala kwama-ion kasawoti e-electrolyte; ngokuphambene nalokho, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lizokwandisa umsebenzi wokusabela kwe-electrochemical wezinto, kwandise izinga lokusabalala kwama-ion, futhi kusheshise ukufuduka kwama-ion e-lithium, ngakho-ke ngandlela thile amazinga okushisa aphezulu asiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kokushaja nokukhipha amabhethri e-lithium-ion. Kodwa-ke, lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, lizosheshisa ukusabela kokubola kwefilimu ye-SEI, ukusabela phakathi kwekhabhoni ehlanganisiwe ye-lithium kanye ne-electrolyte, ukusabela phakathi kwekhabhoni ehlanganisiwe ye-lithium kanye ne-adhesive, ukusabela kokubola kwe-electrolyte kanye nokusabela kokubola kwento ye-cathode, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte kakhulu impilo yesevisi kanye nokusebenza kwebhethri. Ukusebenza kokusetshenziswa. Ukusabela okungenhla cishe konke akunakulungiseka. Lapho izinga lokusabela lishesha, izinto ezitholakalayo zokusabela kwe-electrochemical okuguquguqukayo ngaphakathi kwebhethri zizoncishiswa ngokushesha, okubangela ukusebenza kwebhethri kwehle ngesikhathi esifushane. Futhi lapho izinga lokushisa lebhethri liqhubeka likhuphuka ngale kwezinga lokushisa lokuphepha kwebhethri, ukusabela kokubola kwe-electrolyte nama-electrode kuzokwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphakathi kwebhethri, okuzokhiqiza ukushisa okukhulu esikhathini esifushane kakhulu, okungukuthi, ukwehluleka kokushisa kwebhethri kuzokwenzeka, okuzobangela ukuthi ibhethri libhujiswe ngokuphelele. . Esikhaleni esincane sebhokisi lebhethri, ukushisa kunzima ukunyamalala ngesikhathi, futhi ukushisa kuqongelela ngokushesha esikhathini esifushane. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kubangele ukusabalala okusheshayo kokwehluleka kokushisa kwebhethri, okubangela ukuthi iphakethe lebhethri libheme, livuthe ngokuzenzekelayo noma liqhume ngisho nokuqhuma.