Ingqikithi yeIsifudumezi se-Ev PTCIthembela ezicini zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-PTC positive temperature coefficient thermistor, ehlanganiswe nohlelo lokuphakelwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu kanye nesekethe yokuphathwa kokushisa kwezimoto zikagesi ukuze kufezwe ukushisa. Empeleni, amandla kagesi aguqulwa ngqo abe amandla okushisa, bese edluliselwa ekhabini noma ebhethri ngokusebenzisa i-medium (coolant/air). Inezici ezizikhawulelayo nezizilawulayo kuyo yonke inqubo, ngaphandle kwesidingo samadivayisi engeziwe okulawula izinga lokushisa ayinkimbinkimbi, okwenza kube yisisombululo sokushisa esisebenzayo nesiphephile sezimoto ezintsha zamandla.
Inqubo iyonke ihlukaniswe ngezingqimba ezimbili: izimiso zezinto eziyinhloko kanye nomsebenzi wangempela wokusetshenziswa kwezimoto. Lokhu kokugcina kungahluka kancane kuye ngesimo sokusetshenziswa (ukushisa kwekhabhini/ukushisa kwebhethri). Okuyinhloko kokusetshenziswa kwezimoto yilokhuama-heater e-PTC apholisiwe ngoketshezi(ukushintshana kokushisa okupholisayo), kuyilapho inani elincane lokufudumala kwekhabhini lisebenzisa ama-heater e-PTC afudumele emoyeni (ukushintshana kokushisa komoya ngqo). Okulandelayo kuchazwa ngokulandelana:
1, Umongo oyisisekelo: Ukushisa kanye nomgomo wokushisa ozikhawulelayo we-PTC thermistor
Isici sokushisa esiyinhloko seIsifudumezi se-PTCyi-PTC ceramic sheet (i-barium titanate based semiconductor ceramic doped with trace rare earth elements), okuyimpande yazo zonke izici zayo:
Ukushisa: Ama-chips e-PTC ceramic akha izindlela zokuhambisa umoya ezinezinhlamvu zangaphakathi zokuhambisa umoya ku-voltage elinganisiwe (i-DC ephezulu yokusetshenziswa kwezimoto, njenge-300V+/400V+), ekhiqiza ukushisa kwe-Joule lapho ugesi udlula, kufinyelela ukuguqulwa okuqondile kwamandla kagesi abe amandla okushisa ngokusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphezulu (cishe ku-100%, akukho ukulahlekelwa kokuguqulwa kwamandla);
Izinga lokushisa elizikhawulelayo (isici esiyinhloko): Lapho izinga lokushisa lama-chips e-PTC ceramic lingafinyeleli izinga lokushisa le-Curie (izinga lokushisa elibucayi lezinto zokwakha, ngokuvamile elingu-120-180 ℃ lokusetshenziswa kwezimoto), inani lokumelana lincane kakhulu, futhi kwenzeka ukushisa okuphezulu okuqhubekayo kanye namandla aphezulu, okubangela izinga lokushisa likhuphuke ngokushesha;
Uma izinga lokushisa selidlule izinga lokushisa leCurie, indlela yangaphakathi yokuqhuba izophuka ngokushesha, futhi ukumelana kuzokwanda kakhulu (kufika ku-10 ³~ 10 ⁶ izikhathi ukumelana ekushiseni kwegumbi). Ngokomthetho ka-Ohm (P=U ²/R), ngaphansi kwe-voltage engaguquki, amandla okushisa azoncipha kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa lizoba ngaphansi kunezinga lokushabalalisa ukushisa. Izinga lokushisa lizozinza ngokwemvelo eduze kwezinga lokushisa leCurie futhi ngeke liqhubeke likhuphuka, ligweme ukusha okomile nokushisa ngokweqile kusuka empandeni;
Ukuzivuselela: Uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa leCurie ngenxa yokushabalaliswa kokushisa (njengokugeleza komoya opholile), ukumelana kuzobuyela ngokushesha esimweni sokumelana okuphansi, kuphinde kuqale ukushisa okunamandla aphezulu, futhi kufinyelele ekuzilawuleni okuguquguqukayo kwamandla okushisa.
2, Isixazululo Esijwayelekile Sokusetshenziswa Kwezimoto: Inqubo Yokusebenza Yesifudumezi Se-PTC Esipholile Esiwuketshezi (esijwayelekile Sokufudumeza Ikhabhini/Ibhethri)
Izimoto zikagesi ezingaphezu kuka-90% zisebenzisa ama-heater e-PTC apholile ngoketshezi olunomfutho ophezulu (isakhiwo esiqinile, ukushintshaniswa kokushisa okufanayo, okufanelekela isekethe yomoya ofudumele wekhabhini kanye nesekethe yokulawula izinga lokushisa kwebhethri), ahlanganiswe nesekethe yokujikeleza kokupholisa yezimoto ezintsha zamandla. Ukufudumala kwekhabhini nebhethri kutholakala kuphela ngokushintsha phakathi kwesekethe ezahlukene zesistimu yokushisa ye-PTC efanayo. Inqubo eyinhloko iyafana, ihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezine:
Ukuqala kokunikezwa kwamandla: I-VCU yemoto (i-Vehicle Control Unit) ithumela isignali yokuqalisa ku-heater ye-PTC ngokusekelwe kumyalo we-air conditioning ye-cabin/isignali yesenzwa yokushisa kwebhethri (uma ibhethri idinga ukushiswa ngaphansi kuka-5 ℃), futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ixhuma isekethe yokunikezwa kwamandla yebhethri lemoto elinamandla aphezulu. Amandla e-DC anamandla aphezulu afakwa ku-PTC heating element;
Ukuguqulwa kukagesi kuya ekushiseni: Amapuleti e-ceramic e-PTC akhiqiza ukushisa ngokushesha ngaphansi kwamandla kagesi aphezulu, afinyelela izinga lokushisa lokusebenza ngemizuzwana embalwa, bese ukushisa kudluliselwa ekamelweni lokusabalalisa ukushisa/ishubhu lokushintshanisa ukushisa le-heater ye-PTC;
Ukushintshaniswa Kokushisa Okupholisayo: Iphampu yamanzi kagesi yesistimu yokuphatha ukushisa yemoto iqhuba ukupholisa ukuba kujikeleze emapayipini okushintshaniswa kokushisa kwe-PTC heater. Ngemva kokumunca ukushisa okuvela ku-PTC heating element, ukupholisa kuba ukupholisa okushisa okuphezulu (ngokuvamile okungu-40-60 ℃, okulungisiwe ngokwesidingo);
Ukudluliselwa kokushisa
Ukushisa kwekhabhini: I-coolant eshisayo ephezulu igeleza ingene enkabeni yomoya ofudumele ngaphakathi emotweni, bese kuthi umshini womoya opholile wemoto uphushe umoya obandayo ungene enkabeni yomoya ofudumele. Umoya obandayo umunca ukushisa kwe-coolant bese uba umoya oshisayo, othunyelwa emotweni nge-outlet yomoya ukuze kufezwe ukushisa kwekhabhini;
Ukushisa kwebhethri: Isibandisi sokushisa okuphezulu sigeleza ngqo ku-plate epholile ngamanzi/isekethe yokushintshanisa ukushisa yephakethe lebhethri lamandla, futhi sifudumeza imojula yebhethri ngokulinganayo ngokuqhutshwa kokushisa, siphakamise izinga lokushisa lebhethri liye ebangeni elifanele lokushaja nokukhipha (ngokuvamile 10-35 ℃), sixazulula izinkinga zokuwohloka kokukhuthazela kokushisa okuphansi kanye nokushaja nokukhipha okulinganiselwe.
Isithasiselo: Ngemva kokuba i-coolant isiqedile ukushintshanisa ukushisa, izinga lokushisa liyancipha bese libuyela emuva ku-heater ye-PTC ngepayipi ukuze limunce ukushisa futhi, kwakha umjikelezo ovaliwe futhi kufudumale njalo; Lapho ikhabhini/ibhethri lifinyelela izinga lokushisa eliqondiwe, i-VCU inqamula ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi aphezulu e-PTC bese iyeka ukufudumeza.
3, Isixazululo esincane: Ukuhamba komsebenzi we-heater ye-PTC efudumele ngomoya (esetshenziselwa kuphela ukufudumeza kwekhabhini okungaphelele)
Ukushisa kwekhabhini kwezinye izimoto ezincane zikagesi kanye namamodeli asezingeni eliphansi kuzosebenzisa ama-heater e-PTC apholiswe umoya (ngaphandle kokushintshana kokushisa okupholisayo, okushisa umoya ngqo), ngesakhiwo esilula kanye nenqubo eyinhloko yalokhu:
I-PTC ceramic heating element efaka amandla aphezulu ikhiqiza ngqo amandla okushisa;
Isifutho somoya opholile sivuthela umoya obandayo phezu kobuso be-PTC heating element, kanti umoya obandayo ushintshanisa ukushisa ngqo ne-PTC ceramic plate enokushisa okuphezulu, bese kuba umoya oshisayo;
Umoya oshisayo uthunyelwa ngqo ekhabinini ngepayipi lomoya ukuze kufezwe ukushisa okusheshayo.
Okubi: Ukudluliselwa kokushisa okungalingani, okuvame ukungena emoyeni oshisayo wendawo, kanye ne-PTC heating element kuthintana ngqo nomoya, okudinga ukumelana nothuli namanzi okuphezulu. Ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa kuphela kumamodeli ezimoto ezincane ezishibhile, futhi ukupholisa uketshezi kusetshenziswa ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla eziphakathi kuya kweziphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-30-2026
